On February 24, but in 1891, the Constitution of the Republic of the United States of Brazil was promulgated, which marked the transition from monarchy to republic.
Other ephemerides:
1221.- The construction of the Torre del Oro, one of the most emblematic buildings in Seville, is considered a historical-artistic monument.
1582.- The Gregorian calendar is established by Pope Gregory XIII to replace the Julian calendar in countries of Catholic influence, although it is currently the most widely used in the world.
1848.- Louis Philippe I of France abdicates and goes into exile because of the Liberal Revolution and becomes the last French monarch.
1849.- The Panamanian newspaper “La Estrella de Panamá” is founded.
1895.- Begins the Cuban uprising led by José Martí against the Spanish power, called the “cry of Baire” in homage to the first place where the rebels took up arms to achieve independence.
1905.- Inauguration of the Simplon railway tunnel in the Alps, the longest in the world at the time, linking Italy and Switzerland.
1912.- Two Italian warships sink eight ships of the Ottoman fleet in the port of Beirut to ensure access to the Suez Canal.
1918.- The Salvation Committee of the National Council proclaims the independence of Estonia in Tallinn.
1920.- Adolf Hitler presents in Munich the 25 points of the program of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party.
1938.- The American laboratories DuPont, inventors of nylon, manufacture the first synthetic fiber toothbrush.
(1945-The head of the Egyptian government Ahmer Maher Pasha is assassinated in Parliament
1946.- Colonel Juan Domingo Perón wins the presidential elections in Argentina.
1966.- A coup led by General Joseph Ankrah overthrows the independence leader and president of Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah.
1975.- The British rock band Led Zeppelin publishes its sixth album, Physical Graffiti, the first with its own label.
1976.- The Socialist Constitution of the Republic of Cuba comes into force.
2008.- General Raúl Castro is elected president of Cuba, replacing his brother Fidel.
2009.- Launch of WhatsApp, a messaging application for smartphones on the Internet.
2011.- The American space shuttle Discovery makes its last flight.
2019.- The Vatican summit on sexual abuse scandals announces that it will take cases that arise in the Church to justice, but the victims are not satisfied for lack of concrete measures.
2020.- American film producer Harvey Weinstein is found guilty of third degree rape and first degree sexual offence.
2021.- The United States announces its return to the UN Human Rights Council, after a three-year absence.
2022.- Russia invades Ukraine from all sides and approaches kyiv.
OTHER EVENTS FOR AMERICA
BIRTHS
1500.- Carlos I of Spain and V of Germany, emperor.
1832.- Juan Clemente Zenea, Cuban poet and journalist.
1837.- Rosalía de Castro, Spanish poetess.
1863.- Franz von Stuck, German sculptor.
1909.- August Derleth, American writer
1922.- Richard Hamilton, British painter.
1929.- Luis Carandell, Spanish journalist and columnist.
1934.- Bettino Craxi, Italian socialist politician.
1938.- Phil Knight, American businessman, founder of the sports brand Nike.
1943.- Pablo Milanés, Cuban singer-songwriter.
1944.- Ivica Racan, Croatian politician.
1955.- Steve Jobs, American businessman, founder of Apple technology.
11969.- Alejandro González, American drummer of the Mexican group Maná.
1971.- Pedro Martínez de la Rosa, Spanish motorist.
1973.- Martha Julia, Mexican actress.
1977.- Alberto Valdivia Baselli, Peruvian writer.
1980.- Anton Maiden, Swedish singer.
1981. Lleyton Hewitt, Australian tennis player.
1987.- Mayuko Iwasa, Japanese actress and model.
1989.- Daniel Kaluuya, British actor and model.
1992.- Oleksiy Shevchenko, Ukrainian footballer.
1994.- Earl Sweatshirt, American rap musician.
2000.- Antony Matheus dos Santos, Brazilian footballer.
DEATH
1468.- Johann Gutenberg, German printer, inventor of the printing press.
1695.- Johann Ambrosius Bach, German musician, father of Johann Sebastian Bach.
1815.- Robert Fulton, American engineer, inventor of the steam engine.
1911.- Jules Joseph Lefebvre, French painter.
1929.- André Messager, French conductor and composer.
1948.- Alfredo Baldomir, Uruguayan soldier and politician.
1960.- Antonio Vallejo-Nágera, Spanish psychiatrist.
1964.- Alexander Archipenko, naturalized American Russian sculptor.
1967.- Franz Waxman, German composer.
1973.- Manolo Caracol, Spanish flamenco singer.
1978.- Alma Thomas, American expressionist painter
1990.- Malcolm Forbes, billionaire American publisher.
1991.- Héctor Rial, Spanish-Argentinian footballer.
1993.- Bobby Moore, British footballer.
1994.- Jean Sablon, French singer.
2004.- Antonio Garrigues Díaz-Cañabate, Spanish politician.
2006.- Dennis Weaver, American actor.
2007.- Bruce Bennett, American actor and singer.
2014.- Harold Ramis, American actor and director.
2020.- Katherine Johnson, American mathematician, key figure in the arrival of man on the Moon. EFE
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