:quality(85)//cloudfront-us-east-1.images.arcpublishing.com/infobae/HTRVIESRMRHYXI5T4O5JF4I6DY.jpg "Colon cancer: alert to the increase in cases detected in young people")
Colon cancer develops in the large intestine, which is made up of the colon and rectum, which is why it is also called colorectal cancer (CCR). Worldwide, it is one of the three most common types of cancer. Despite advances in early detection tests, specialists worry about a stark reality: one in five new colorectal cancer diagnoses in the United States are in people under the age of 55.
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A report from the American Cancer Society (ACS) noted that diagnoses of people under 55 doubled from 11% in 1995 to 20% in 2019. Additionally, the proportion of people in the United States diagnosed with colorectal cancer in their advanced stage fell from 52% in the mid-2000s to 60% in 2019.
The results were published in the specialist journal California: A cancer journal for clinicians
“Although overall CRC mortality continues to decline, this progress is tempered by a rapidly changing landscape that portends less favorable trends in the future”warn the experts in their report.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death among men and women in the United States. However, it ranks second in cancer-related deaths overall. Every 3 years, the ACS prepares an update of colorectal cancer statistics based on records from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Colorectal cancer cases and death rates have followed an overall decades-long decline thanks to screening tests, better treatments and a reduction in risk factors such as smoking, the scientists note in the report. However, the increase in diagnoses among young people and cases detected at later stages keep oncologists on their toes.
Seal of Rebeccachief scientific officer of the American Cancer Society and lead author of the report, said “rates are rising in younger people, but it is alarming how quickly the entire patient population is getting youngerdespite the overall population decline.
“The trend towards more advanced disease in people of all ages is also striking and should encourage anyone over 45 to get tested.”
The colon cancer death rate has fallen by 57% over the past 50 years, according to the report. More than half of the cases and deaths due to this pathology are attributable to modifiable risk factors, such as smoking, poor diet, heavy alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle and excess weight. In addition, much of the incidence and mortality of CRC can be avoided through preventive medical examinations.
One of the concerns of specialists is that many people from 45 to 49 year olds do not have colonoscopy exams even though they are now eligible in the United States, said Arif Kamal, patient manager for the American Cancer Society. “There is a clear relationship between the rate of colonoscopies and the subsequent risk of contracting cancerous diseases. Detection is also therapy. If you see a precancerous polyp, you remove it.“, accurate.
He added that there are also concerns that people in their 40s and 50s will lead less healthy lifestyles, including eating more processed foods and less fibre, than previous generations.
Key facts from the American Cancer Society report:
-The ace incidence rate increased by 2% per year among those under 50
– Since 2004, the mortality rates among those under 50, they have increased by almost 1% per year
– In general, men are more at risk than women. The incidence rate of colorectal cancer was 41.5 per 100,000 in men versus 31.2 in women. The reason is likely due to differences in risk factors, such as poor diet, history of smoking and being overweight, according to the report.
In dialogue with GlobeLiveMedia, the famous Dr. Luis Caroa leading gastroenterologist in the region and director of the digestive endoscopy course at the University of Buenos Aires (UBA) and president of the Gedyt Foundation (Diagnostic and Therapeutic Gastroenterology) emphasized the importance of preventive medical checks.
“This type of cancer is asymptomatic in its first phaseit is therefore essential to consult the doctor and the control studies. It is also highly preventable since precursor lesions precede it which, detected and treated in time, do not become tumours,” explains Dr. Caro.
More than 80% of CRC cases come from a polyp, an abnormal growth of cells in the inner lining of the large intestine. Polyps do not show symptoms and tend to grow slowly, so if not detected and removed in time, they can turn into cancer.
Unlike other more aggressive and rapidly growing types of cancer, colon cancer grows slowly, the first precursor lesions not smart can appear up to 10 or 15 years before of cancer formation. A time window that, thanks to preventive medicine, saves thousands of lives.
If detected early, “more than 95% of cases of colon cancer can be cured by surgery and, in the long term, in the remaining 5% of cases, other treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy, will have to be evaluated”, specifies the doctor. points out.
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